2025.1.8
OSIPP基幹講座教員の12月の研究業績をご紹介します。
・生藤昌子 先生 ・石瀬寛和 先生
・前川和歌子 先生 ・大久保邦彦 先生
・赤井伸郎 先生
Masako Ikefuji（論文）
Masako Ikefuji, Yoshiyasu Ono, “Environmental policies and stagnation in a two-country economy”, Economic Modelling, 141, December 2024, 106904（査読あり）
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econmod.2024.106904
Abstract: Global warming poses a serious and acute threat to our planet. However, negotiations over the allocation of permissible carbon emissions often lead to conflicts of interest between developed and developing countries. Developing countries claim that global warming results from long-term pollution emissions by developed countries, while developed countries demand that developing countries should make adequate efforts to reduce carbon emissions. Both developed and developing countries generally agree that stricter emission limits will strain their economies due to the associated extra abatement costs. Using a two-country model with wealth preferences, we find that the impacts of a country’s emission limit on real consumption and pollution emissions in both countries vary depending on the combination of their business situations. If both countries achieve full employment, one country’s stricter emission limit decreases real consumption in both, as expected. However, if one country faces aggregate demand stagnation while the other achieves full employment, a stricter emission limit imposed by the stagnant country increases real consumption in both countries.
Hirokazu Ishise（論文）
“Religion as an informal institution: A case of true pure land Buddhism and missing women in early modern Japan”, Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Vol. 229, January 2025, 106823（査読あり）https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106823
Abstract: In early modern Japan, infanticide was used for birth control and sex selection. However, some historians hypothesized that people who believed in the True Pure Land (TPL) sect of Japanese Buddhism were less likely to commit infanticide. I statistically examine this hypothesis using a quasi-natural experiment of hinoeuma (fire-horse) year with a two-way fixed-effects estimation. Girls born in a hinoeuma year were reckoned to be inauspicious and subjected to sex-selective infanticide. In 1846 and 1906 hinoeuma, TPL-dominant areas experienced a smaller increase in the male-to-female ratio in the cohort than the areas with less TPL dominance. Additional regressions support the hypothesis that the TPL’s prohibition of infanticide led to this smaller effect.
＜大阪大学プレスリリース：ResOU＞
https://xn--resou-kq4duh7f.osaka-u.ac.jp/ja/research/2024/20241205_2
Wakako Maekawa（論文）
Wakako Maekawa and Kana Inata, “Consequences of civilian victimisation: does pro-victimisation sponsorship affect the survival of intervening leaders?”, Contemporary Politics, 11 Dec 2024（査読あり）https://doi.org/10.1080/13569775.2024.2440216
Abstract: Are political leaders penalised for sponsoring foreign governments inflicting violence against civilians? Foreign policy literature illustrates that involvement in international crises boosts incumbent support via rally effects, while war casualties literature demonstrates that citizens are sensitive to punishing their political leaders for negative foreign policy outcomes. We argue that sponsoring inhumane foreign governments is more likely to promote irregular penalisation, such as protests, rather than regular punishment, such as loss in elections, for security threats emphasized during election periods may induce the public to condone civilian victimisation in a third country. Using data on political leaders from 1991 to 2009, we find that as the levels of indirect civilian victimisation increase, leaders are less likely to be terminated in a regular manners. Although the corresponding effect on irregular exit is less robust, our extension analysis shows that indirect civilian victimisation increases protests, which could impose costs on incumbent leaders.
大久保邦彦（論文）
「原始的不能」、鎌田薫・加藤新太郎・松本恒雄 編『債権法改正講座 3巻』 第１部 契約総論・契約の成立、日本評論社（2024年12月）https://www.nippyo.co.jp/shop/book/9402.html
概要：特定物売買の締結時に目的物がすでに滅失していた、という事例が原始的不能の契約の典型だが、2017年改正前民法典は、原始的不能の効力について特段の規定を持たなかった。伝統的通説・判例は「原始的不能の給付を目的とする契約は無効である」という考え方を支持していたが、1960年代以降、反対説が有力になり、近時の比較法的動向も同様の傾向にあった。2017年の改正法は、原始的不能というだけでは直ちに契約は無効とはならないという新ルールを採用することを前提に、民法412条の2第2項を新設した。本論文は、改正時の議論を概観し、改正法によって変わった点や決まったことを確認した後、残された課題や改正法の下で生じうる諸問題に検討を加えた。
赤井伸郎（その他の記事）
「103万円の壁、上げ「理解」44％ 経済学者47人に聞く」『日経エコノミクスパネル』日経新聞（2024年11月29日朝刊）, 日経新聞電子版2024/11/29
https://www.nikkei.com/article/DGXZQOCD205G40Q4A121C2000000/?msockid=07cc35830fa26d800f6f21fb0e296c6d